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Why does babies and toddlers have thumb sucking habits ?
its believed that thumb sucking habit may be initiated in first years of life , and also may start earlier during pregnancy , and the main cause is that its help baby feel safe , and soothing feeling , and also help with teeth growth in early years of life 
When is the normal time to have this habit and when does it start to be a problem ?
normal time of this habit is around 2-4 years of age 
- after 4 years of age , its considered as an issue , which is not serious medical issue , and it have no real harm . but its may cause  :
1. some embaressment or personality effect on the baby during studying years 
2. its also effect on the tetth outer shape and may teeth irrgularties 
How to treat thumb sucking habit :
- by the time , baby may give it up by him/her self especially after entering the preschool grades , and when starting interacting with other children 
- other behavior advices  include :
1. never shout or stop your baby in public about this habit 
2. try to let him stop it during the indoor time or sleeping time 
3. dont confront your baby and tell him/her to stop it directly , but try to stop the habit by indirect ways such as giving him.her a prize when they are not doing the habit 
4. keep his/her hand busy 
5. change thumb with toys , or tools to make him feels comfortable and soothing as well
6. pay attention to your baby and what times he/she does this habit the most , such as angry time or hungry or sleep . and find the better solutions according to the situation 
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Kind Regards